Types of solid waste and its management pdf

Solid waste management types with methods and its effects. Throughout the region, the principal sources of solid waste are residential households and the agricultural, commercial, construction, industrial and institutional sectors. Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects of waste on human health, the environment. All of the above should be included as municipal solid waste. Direct handling of solid waste can result in various types of infectious and chronic diseases with the waste workers and rag pickers being the most vulnerable 4. Some of the major types of solid waste management are as follows. It is suitable for a relatively homogenous mix of organic waste and work well for larger quantity generators. Solid waste and its management ppt linkedin slideshare. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and appropriately.

Despite its name, solid waste can be a solid, semisolid, liquid, or a contained gas. In the waste management process, the wastes are collected from the. A good solid waste management system needs to be put in place, because without this, the situation can become uncontrollable at a later period. Pdf solid wastes may be defined as useless, unused, unwanted, or discarded material. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition. Solid waste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Solid waste liquid waste gaseous wastes biodegradable waste biomedical waste 4. Aerated static pile composting produces compost relatively quickly within three to six months. A solid waste management plan is a practical document that can help guide your commu nitys solid waste management efforts.

It defines solid waste management as the process of collecting, storing, treatment and disposal of solid wastes in such a way that they are harmless to humans, plants, animals, the ecology and the environment generally. Jul 23, 2012 solid waste is any waste generated by every day human activities. The type and quantity of waste generated in emergency situations varies greatly. Hence, solid waste management reduces or controls the solid waste pollution and its hazardous effects. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity of planning and improved implementation of comprehensive msw management systems for upgrading the. Municipal solid waste msw is a pool of various solid wastes by towns and cities from different types of household activities.

Certain ewaste types along with their mass and estimated life cycle are summarized in table 3. If these quantities are added, the solid waste production rate reaches 45 kg per capita per day 100 lb. Solid and liquid waste management the carter center. Developing solid waste management plans pdf us epa. Liquid waste can be produced by all sectors of society, and includes sewage as well as wastewater from industrial processes such as food and agricultural processing, and manufacturing. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. The generation of solid waste is on the increase due to rapid rise in population. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, pollution, and outbreaks of disease. Due to changes in recycling markets and unacceptable. Solid waste may be in the form of household garbage, leftovers of food and other wastage that include old house hold items. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. The county balances a variety of competing demands to address its solid waste management needs. At a particular place, studying the composition and the categories. Various methods are practiced to control solid waste pollution as composting, recycling, incineration, pyrolysis, disposal, landfills etc.

Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. Waste definitions can determine whether a material is a waste or a product or resource, and that determination can have significant regulatory, environmental and financial impacts for the whole waste management system, including waste generators, processors, transporters and disposal operators. Solid waste refers to the range of garbage materialsarising from animal and human activitiesthat are discarded as unwanted and useless. Municipal solid waste an overview sciencedirect topics.

Types, amounts and effects of industrial solid wastes jinhui li department of environmental science and engineering, tsinghua university, beijing, china keywords. Generally, it is generated from industrial, residential and commercial activities in a given area, and may be handled in a variety of ways. Solid waste management is a severe challenge in developing countries like ethiopia due to the growing mixture of waste characteristics and deficiency of operational application of dependable waste. Lifecyclebased integrated solid waste management based on lifecycle assessment of a product from its production and consumption point of view. Solid waste management notes pdf swm notes pdf book starts with the topics waste collection, from low and mediumrise apartments, landfill technique, types of landfill, landfills for commingled msw. To introduce the reader to the solid waste management field, an overview of municipal solid waste problems, sources, collection, resource recovery, and disposal methods are presented in this paper. It may include biodegradable waste, electrical and electronic waste, and composite waste such as clothing, hazardous waste paints, spray, and chemicals, and medical waste. Chapter 7 solid waste management european commission. Pdf impact of solid waste on health and the environment. Oct 11, 2019 solid waste management is an essential service in any society.

Pepper, in environmental and pollution science third edition. Throughout the region, the principal sources of solid waste are residential households and the. These wastes are generated as a consequence of house hold activities such as cooking, cleaning, repairs, hobbies, redecoration, empty containers packaging, clothing, old books, paper and old furnishings. Solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes smartzworld. The production of solid municipal waste associated with the high proportion of organic waste and its improper disposal lead to considerable environmental pollution due to the emission of greenhouse gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, etc. Solid waste management hierarchy waste management plan. Liquid and solid waste types can also be grouped into organic, reusable and recyclable waste. Types, categories and methods with videos and examples. Waste management deals with all types of waste, including industrial, biological and household. Household material consisting of everyday garbage, food and yard waste.

There are various types but primarily there are three kinds. It defines solid waste management as the process of collecting, storing, treatment and. Chapter 7 solid waste management choose your language. Municipal solid waste msw disposal has become an increasingly serious problem in many parts of the world. It includes any garbage, refuse, sludge, or other discarded material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural operations, or community activities. Only a few documents have been specifically written to provide the type of information that is required by those in developing countries. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and. A nations production of waste increases with its development, and thus, waste management is a very important step for any country. It includes any garbage, refuse, sludge, or other discarded. Chapter 7 solid waste management water engineering. The term solid waste management mainly refers to the complete process of collecting, treating and disposing of the solid wastes.

There are various types of wastes like unwanted food, torn clothes, kitchen waste, etc. Solid waste management case study of ndola, zambia edema. Chapter 7 solid waste management solid waste refers here to all nonliquid wastes. Particularly for the european union, the ewaste quantities increase by 35%. Solid waste, hazardous waste, industria l solid waste, waste generation, waste management, environmental protection, waste category, environmental effect, water, air. To introduce the reader to the solid waste management field, an overview of. Based on their sources, solid waste can be classified into various types which include msw, hazardous waste, agricultural waste and industrial waste tchobanoglous et al. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with. Various methods are practiced to control solid waste pollution as composting, recycling, incineration, pyrolysis, disposal. In the waste management process, the wastes are collected from the different sources and are disposed of. Trashgarbage that is solid in nature and not liquid or gas.

Waste minimisation and recyclingreuse policies have been introduced to reduce the amount of waste generated, and. Since solid waste consist of several types of waste, it is important to briefly examine the various forms and types of solid waste. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in. Studies conducted by yongsi 6 show that exposure to hazardous waste in dumpsites can affect human health, children being the most vulnerable to these pollutants. Before introducing the process, however, lets start with a discussion of the material being managedsolid waste. Parts 360366 and 369, solid waste management nys dept. Poor management of the collection and disposal of solid waste may lead to. Some solid waste can also be converted to a liquid waste form for disposal. What will the presentfuture costs of the waste management program be.

This process includes transportation, analysis, legal procedures, along with monitoring and enforcing regulations. Solid waste types of solid waste disposing solid waste. Rapid population growth, high standards of living, and technological development are constantly increasing the diversity and quantity of solid waste. Waste is produced by human activity, for example, the extraction and processing of raw materials. Municipal waste, solid waste, household waste, ndola, waste management, waste disposal introduction solid waste is defined as the waste arising from human and animal activities that are. What has changed are the types and amounts of waste produced, the methods of disposal, and the human values and perceptions of what should be done with it. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices. Solid waste can be classified into different types depending on their source. Waste definitions can determine whether a material is a waste or a product or resource, and that determination can have significant regulatory, environmental and financial impacts for the whole. Municipal waste, solid waste, household waste, ndola, waste management, waste disposal introduction solid waste is defined as the waste arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and that are discarded as useless or unwanted 1.

In some cases, waste can pose a threat to human health. Various types of wastes like cans, pesticides, cleaning solvents, batteries zinc, lead or mercury, radioactive materials, plastics and ewaste are mixed up with paper, scraps and other nontoxic materials which could be recycled. Not much attention is paid to management of solid wastes in most parts of the world, particularly in the context of developing. Describe the major sources and types of solid waste. An introduction to solid waste management and the environment humans have always produced trash and have always disposed of it in some way, so solid waste management is not a new issue. Discarded solid material from industrial, municipal and agricultural activities. A solid waste management plan will help your tribe take institutional, social, financial, economic, technical, and environmental fac tors into consideration as it manages its waste stream. Waste minimisation and recyclingreuse policies have been introduced to reduce the amount of waste generated, and increasingly, alternative waste management practices to solid waste disposal on land have been implemented to reduce the environmental impacts of waste management. Waste is also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage or junk 3. Solid waste may be in the form of household garbage, leftovers of food and other wastage that include old house hold items such as papers, plastic waste in the form of kitchen equipment or any other products that are consumed during every day activities. Solid waste is the unwanted or useless solid materials generated from human activities in residential, industrial or commercial areas. Types of waste generally, waste could be liquid or solid waste. This category of waste comprises the solid wastes that originate from single and multifamily house hold units. Garbage arising from human or animal activities, that is abandoned as unwanted and useless is referred as solid waste.

Solidwaste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Chemicals, plastics, toxic wastes, glass, metals, hospital wastes, etc. Here you can download the free lecture notes of solid waste management pdf notes swm pdf notes materials with multiple file links to download. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management.